Bibliography
Tafsir, academic studies, hadith, rhetoric and the data sources powering QuranCodex.
This page is a categorised list of books, articles, and data sources referenced, directly or indirectly, across the site. The site produces original synthesis, classifications, and visualizations, grounding them in the works of classical and modern scholars and academic researchers. Contested areas (notably the scientific-miracle literature) are grouped separately and flagged with methodological nuance.
Last verified: August 14, 2026
Tafsir: Classical Period
- Muhammed b. Cerîr et-Taberî—Câmiu'l-Beyân an Te'vîli Âyi'l-Kur'ân(d. 923)
The foundational work of early narrative tafsir.
Classical tafsir focused on rhetoric and linguistics.
- Fahreddin er-Râzî—Mefâtîhu'l-Gayb (Tefsîr-i Kebîr)(12-13. yy)
Pinnacle of rational/theological exegesis; key reference for munasebat analysis.
- Muhammed b. Ahmed el-Kurtubî—el-Câmi' li-Ahkâmi'l-Kur'ân(d. 1273)
Classical reference for legal exegesis.
- İsmail b. Kesîr—Tefsîru'l-Kur'âni'l-Azîm(14. yy)
Salaf-tradition focused; among the most widely cited tafsirs.
- Abdullah b. Ömer el-Beydâvî—Envâru't-Tenzîl ve Esrâru't-Te'vîl(d. 1286)
Standard tafsir in the madrasa tradition.
- Celâleddin es-Süyûtî · Celâleddin el-Mahallî—Tefsîru'l-Celâleyn(15. yy)
Concise theological tafsir.
Tafsir: Modern Period
- Muhammed Hamdi Yazır (Elmalılı)—Hak Dini Kur'ân Dili(1935-38)
Foundational Turkish tafsir of the Republican era.
- Ebu'l-A'lâ el-Mevdûdî—Tefhîmü'l-Kur'ân(1942-72)
Influential Urdu tafsir of contemporary Islamic thought.
- Seyyid Kutub—Fî Zılâli'l-Kur'ân(1951-65)
Modern Arabic tafsir with literary and social emphasis.
- Muhammed Esed—The Message of the Qur'an(1980)
English translation-commentary with rationalist approach.
- Yaşar Nuri Öztürk—Kur'ân-ı Kerim Meali(1993)
Modern Turkish translation-commentary.
Contemporary contextual reading with root-based word analysis.
- Bediüzzaman Said Nursi—Risâle-i Nur Külliyatı (Sözler)(ö. 1960)
Representational/parabolic method (Twenty-Second Word) and resurrection arguments (Tenth Word) in modern Turkish Islamic thought.
Academic & Quranic Studies
- Toshihiko Izutsu—Ethico-Religious Concepts in the Qur'an(1966)
Semantic field analysis in the Qur'an; conceptual network relations.
- Toshihiko Izutsu—God and Man in the Qur'an(1964)
Semantic mapping of key Quranic concepts.
- Michael Sells—Approaching the Qur'an: The Early Revelations(1999)
Literary structure of the early Meccan suras.
Reading the Qur'an in late antique context (Corpus Coranicum project).
- Walid A. Saleh—The Formation of the Classical Tafsīr Tradition(2004)
Formation of the classical tafsir tradition; focused on al-Tha'labī.
- Andrew Rippin—The Qur'an and Its Interpretive Tradition(2001)
Essays on historiography and methodology of tafsir.
- Neal Robinson—Discovering the Qur'an: A Contemporary Approach to a Veiled Text(2003)
Structural-literary approach to sura analysis.
- Devin J. Stewart—Mysterious Letters and Other Formal Features of the Qur'an in Light of Greek and Babylonian Oracular Texts(2011)
Comparative literary analysis of the mysterious letters (muqatta'at).
- Raymond K. Farrin—Structure and Qur'anic Interpretation: A Study of Symmetry and Coherence in Islam's Holy Text(2014)
Ring composition analysis; symmetric structures within suras.
- Mustansir Mir—Coherence in the Qur'an: A Study of Islahi's Concept of Nazm in Tadabbur-i Qur'an(1986)
Islahi's concept of nazm; internal coherence of suras.
- Nouman Ali Khan · Sharif Randhawa—Divine Speech: Exploring the Qur'an as Literature(2016)
Literary approach to Quranic oaths, parables, iltifat, and intra-/inter-surah symmetry.
- Fazlur Rahman—Major Themes of the Qur'an(1980)
Modern systematic treatment of the Qur'an's major themes.
Rhetoric & Quranic Sciences
Classical source on iltifat, rhetoric, and Quranic sciences.
- Celâleddin es-Süyûtî—el-İtkân fî Ulûmi'l-Kur'ân(d. 1505)
Encyclopedic compendium of Quranic sciences.
- Celâleddin es-Süyûtî—Lübâbu'n-Nukūl fî Esbâbi'n-Nüzûl(d. 1505)
Foundational source for occasions-of-revelation literature.
Systematic analysis of Quranic oaths.
- Ebû İshak eş-Şâtıbî—el-Muvâfakât(d. 1388)
Foundational work on the higher objectives of Islamic law.
Hadith & Sira
Most reliable hadith collection of the Kutub al-Sittah.
Second principal collection of the Kutub al-Sittah.
Key reference for hadith grading.
- Ebû Dâvûd—es-Sünen(d. 889)
Sunan with emphasis on legal hadiths.
- İbn Hişâm—es-Sîretü'n-Nebeviyye(d. 833)
Standard edition of Ibn Ishaq's biography of the Prophet.
- Muhammed b. Sa'd—Kitâbü't-Tabakâti'l-Kebîr(d. 845)
Primary source for biographies of companions and successors.
Science and History: Discussed Areas
Standard embryology textbook; Moore's Quranic interpretations are subject to academic debate.
Popular source of the scientific-miracle debate; claims are contested in mainstream academia.
- Birmingham Üniversitesi · Cadbury Research Library—Birmingham Quran Manuscript (Mingana 1572a)(Karbon: 568-645 CE (2015))
Among the earliest known Quran manuscripts; evidence of textual preservation.
Software, Data & Linguistic Corpora
Word-level morphological annotation; root and frequency data.
Late-antique context and manuscript variant database.
Verified Uthmani and simple text standard.
Used for translation, tafsir, recitation audio, and the word-level timing data behind karaoke mode (api.qurancdn.com).
Primary per-verse source for reciter audio; also used as the fallback when the Quran.com CDN mirror is unreachable.
Open-access API for Turkish translations, verses, and sura data.
Multilingual embedding model used for semantic mapping and meaning-based search.
Standard Arabic font of the Madinah Mushaf.
Used directly as the page image in Mushaf mode; also served as the visual reference for page-by-page verification of the in-page line arrangement.
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